Steel 45 Permalloy-ANN vs 45 Permalloy-CD
Steel · 45 Permalloy temper comparison
45 Permalloy-ANN and 45 Permalloy-CD are two conditions of the same steel grade, 45 Permalloy: ANN (annealed) versus CD (cold drawn). The chemistry is identical, so every difference below comes from the condition. 45 Permalloy-CD is the stronger of the two: yield strength 600 MPa (87 ksi) against 210 MPa (30.5 ksi) for 45 Permalloy-ANN, about 186% more; tensile strength follows at 760 MPa (110 ksi) vs 520 MPa (75.4 ksi). In exchange, 45 Permalloy-ANN is the more ductile: elongation 40% versus 15% for 45 Permalloy-CD, and 45 Permalloy-CD is harder (220 HB vs 125 HB). 45 Permalloy-ANN runs hotter in service (400°C vs 300°C continuous). On the shop floor, 45 Permalloy-CD machines more easily (45 vs 35 out of 100) and 45 Permalloy-ANN welds better (good vs fair).
45 Permalloy-ANNChoose it when the part is bent, formed or impact-loaded, or when the part sees heat.
45 Permalloy-CDChoose it when strength drives the design, or when the part is machined in volume.
45 Permalloy-ANN vs 45 Permalloy-CD: propertiesHow to read these bars
- One bar per material. A full bar is the highest value among all steel grades in the FabDigit library; each bar is drawn as a share of that.
- The better value (by the usual engineering direction) is in bold. Rows with no direction — density, thermal conductivity — have no bold.
- Values are typical room-temperature figures for the condition named on each card.
- Confirm against the certified mill or resin datasheet before design release.
How to read these bars
- One bar per material. A full bar is the highest value among all steel grades in the FabDigit library; each bar is drawn as a share of that.
- The better value (by the usual engineering direction) is in bold. Rows with no direction — density, thermal conductivity — have no bold.
- Values are typical room-temperature figures for the condition named on each card.
- Confirm against the certified mill or resin datasheet before design release.
45 Permalloy-ANN45 Permalloy-CD
Mechanical
Strength, stiffness, ductility and hardness at room temperature.
Tensile Strength (Ultimate)
Yield Strength (0.2% offset)
Elongation at Break
Reduction in Area
Shear Strength
Fatigue Strength (Endurance Limit)
Charpy V-Notch Impact (RT)
Hardness, Brinell
Hardness, Rockwell B
Hardness, Vickers
Same in both: Elastic (Young's) Modulus 152 GPa22 Msi · Shear Modulus 59 GPa8.6 Msi · Bulk Modulus 127 GPa18.4 Msi · Poisson's Ratio 0.3
Physical
Density and transition temperatures.
Same in both: Density 8.17 g/cm³0.3 lb/in³ · Melting Point (Solidus) 1,425°C2,597 °F · Liquidus Temperature 1,450°C2,642 °F
Thermal
How each material carries heat and how hot it can run.
Max Service Temperature (continuous)
Same in both: Thermal Conductivity 13.5 W/m·K7.8 BTU/hr·ft·°F · Specific Heat Capacity 500 J/kg·K0.12 BTU/lb·°F · Thermal Expansion (CTE, 20–100 °C) 8.5 µm/m·K4.7 µin/in·°F · Latent Heat of Fusion 275 J/g118 BTU/lb · Min Service Temperature -196°C-321 °F
Electrical
Conductivity and insulation.
Same in both: Electrical Conductivity 3.8 % IACS · Electrical Resistivity 4.5×10⁻⁷ Ω·m17.7 µΩ·in
Chemical & Environmental
Corrosion and environmental resistance (0–100 scores).
Same in both: Galvanic Potential (seawater, vs SCE) -0.35 V · Corrosion Resistance 32 / 100
Manufacturability
FabDigit workshop ratings (0–100 scores) — how each material behaves on the machine.
Machinability
Machinability Rating (AISI 1212 = 100 %)
Weldability
Formability (cold)
Same in both: Brazeability / Solderability 65 / 100 · Polishability 70 / 100
Sustainability
Primary-production footprint per kilogram.
Same in both: Embodied Energy (primary production) 90 MJ/kg38,693 BTU/lb · Embodied Carbon (primary production) 7.5 kg CO₂/kg · Embodied Water 300 L/kg35.9 gal/lb · Typical Recycled Content 20%
Strength versus weight
Yield strength against density for every steel grade in the FabDigit library; the compared grades are highlighted. Up and left is stronger for its weight.
45 Permalloy-ANN vs 45 Permalloy-CD — frequently asked
Is 45 Permalloy-CD stronger than 45 Permalloy-ANN?
Yes. 45 Permalloy-CD has a typical yield strength of 600 MPa (87 ksi) against 210 MPa (30.5 ksi) for 45 Permalloy-ANN — about 186% more. Tensile strength is 760 MPa (110 ksi) vs 520 MPa (75.4 ksi).
Which condition does FabDigit quote by default, ANN or CD?
ANN is the default 45 Permalloy condition in the FabDigit quote flow. The other condition is available on request or by drawing note — specify it in the material field or the part notes and the quote is priced for it.
Which is easier to machine, 45 Permalloy-ANN or 45 Permalloy-CD?
45 Permalloy-CD, by a small margin. Both rate fair for machinability — 45/100 against 35/100 for 45 Permalloy-ANN; for welding the order is 45 Permalloy-ANN first (good, 60/100) then 45 Permalloy-CD (fair, 50/100).
Ready to make it?
Upload a CAD file and FabDigit prices the part in 45 Permalloy-ANN and 45 Permalloy-CD side by side — material, machining time, tolerance and finish in one quote. Certified material data ships with the order on request.
Typical handbook values for the conditions named above, normalised for comparison. Hardness on non-Brinell scales is converted approximately for charting only. Request certified data with your order for design-critical properties.