Steel CPM 3V Annealed vs CPM 3V Hardened & Tempered
Steel · CPM 3V temper comparison
CPM 3V Annealed and CPM 3V Hardened & Tempered are two conditions of the same steel grade, CPM 3V: Annealed versus Hardened & Tempered (quenched and tempered). The chemistry is identical, so every difference below comes from the condition. CPM 3V Hardened & Tempered is the stronger of the two: yield strength 1,750 MPa (254 ksi) against 600 MPa (87 ksi) for CPM 3V Annealed, about 192% more; tensile strength follows at 2,000 MPa (290 ksi) vs 900 MPa (131 ksi). In exchange, CPM 3V Annealed is the more ductile: elongation 12% versus 2% for CPM 3V Hardened & Tempered, and CPM 3V Hardened & Tempered is harder (59 HRC vs 25 HRC). CPM 3V Hardened & Tempered runs hotter in service (480°C vs 400°C continuous). On the shop floor, CPM 3V Annealed machines more easily (poor vs not recommended).
CPM 3V AnnealedChoose it when the part is bent, formed or impact-loaded, or when the part is machined in volume.
CPM 3V Hardened & TemperedChoose it when strength drives the design, or when the part sees heat.
CPM 3V Annealed vs CPM 3V Hardened & Tempered: propertiesHow to read these bars
- One bar per material. A full bar is the highest value among all steel grades in the FabDigit library; each bar is drawn as a share of that.
- The better value (by the usual engineering direction) is in bold. Rows with no direction — density, thermal conductivity — have no bold.
- Values are typical room-temperature figures for the condition named on each card.
- Confirm against the certified mill or resin datasheet before design release.
How to read these bars
- One bar per material. A full bar is the highest value among all steel grades in the FabDigit library; each bar is drawn as a share of that.
- The better value (by the usual engineering direction) is in bold. Rows with no direction — density, thermal conductivity — have no bold.
- Values are typical room-temperature figures for the condition named on each card.
- Confirm against the certified mill or resin datasheet before design release.
CPM 3V AnnealedCPM 3V Hardened & Tempered
Mechanical
Strength, stiffness, ductility and hardness at room temperature.
Tensile Strength (Ultimate)
Yield Strength (0.2% offset)
Elongation at Break
Compressive Strength
Fatigue Strength (Endurance Limit)
Charpy V-Notch Impact (RT)
Hardness, Rockwell C
Hardness, Vickers
Same in both: Elastic (Young's) Modulus 210 GPa30.5 Msi · Shear Modulus 81 GPa11.7 Msi · Poisson's Ratio 0.3 · Reduction in Area 28% · Shear Strength 550 MPa79.8 ksi · Hardness, Brinell 255 HB · Hardness, Rockwell B 103 HRB
Physical
Density and transition temperatures.
Same in both: Density 7.46 g/cm³0.27 lb/in³ · Melting Point (Solidus) 1,420°C2,588 °F
Thermal
How each material carries heat and how hot it can run.
Max Service Temperature (continuous)
Same in both: Thermal Conductivity 23 W/m·K13.3 BTU/hr·ft·°F · Specific Heat Capacity 460 J/kg·K0.11 BTU/lb·°F · Thermal Expansion (CTE, 20–100 °C) 10.8 µm/m·K6 µin/in·°F · Min Service Temperature -60°C-76 °F
Electrical
Conductivity and insulation.
Same in both: Electrical Conductivity 2.9 % IACS · Electrical Resistivity 6×10⁻⁷ Ω·m23.6 µΩ·in
Chemical & Environmental
Corrosion and environmental resistance (0–100 scores).
Corrosion Resistance
Manufacturability
FabDigit workshop ratings (0–100 scores) — how each material behaves on the machine.
Machinability
Same in both: Machinability Rating (AISI 1212 = 100 %) 25% · Weldability 25 / 100 · Formability (cold) 15 / 100 · Brazeability / Solderability 40 / 100 · Polishability 80 / 100
Sustainability
Primary-production footprint per kilogram.
Same in both: Embodied Energy (primary production) 45 MJ/kg19,347 BTU/lb · Embodied Carbon (primary production) 3.5 kg CO₂/kg · Typical Recycled Content 20%
Strength versus weight
Yield strength against density for every steel grade in the FabDigit library; the compared grades are highlighted. Up and left is stronger for its weight.
CPM 3V Annealed vs CPM 3V Hardened & Tempered — frequently asked
Is CPM 3V Hardened & Tempered stronger than CPM 3V Annealed?
Yes. CPM 3V Hardened & Tempered has a typical yield strength of 1,750 MPa (254 ksi) against 600 MPa (87 ksi) for CPM 3V Annealed — about 192% more. Tensile strength is 2,000 MPa (290 ksi) vs 900 MPa (131 ksi).
Which condition does FabDigit quote by default, Annealed or Hardened & Tempered?
Annealed is the default CPM 3V condition in the FabDigit quote flow. The other condition is available on request or by drawing note — specify it in the material field or the part notes and the quote is priced for it.
Which is easier to machine, CPM 3V Annealed or CPM 3V Hardened & Tempered?
CPM 3V Annealed. Its machinability rates poor (30/100) against not recommended (8/100) for CPM 3V Hardened & Tempered.
Ready to make it?
Upload a CAD file and FabDigit prices the part in CPM 3V Annealed and CPM 3V Hardened & Tempered side by side — material, machining time, tolerance and finish in one quote. Certified material data ships with the order on request.
Typical handbook values for the conditions named above, normalised for comparison. Hardness on non-Brinell scales is converted approximately for charting only. Request certified data with your order for design-critical properties.