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Aluminum Nitride vs ZnO Varistor

Ceramic · grade comparison

Aluminum Nitride and ZnO Varistor are both ceramic grades. Aluminum Nitride is harder — 1,100 HV against 400 HV for ZnO Varistor — which matters for wear surfaces and threads. Aluminum Nitride is lighter (3.29 g/cm³ vs 5.55 g/cm³ for ZnO Varistor) and Aluminum Nitride is stiffer (320 GPa vs 120 GPa).

Aluminum NitrideChoose it when surface hardness matters, or when weight is the constraint.

Aluminum Nitride vs ZnO Varistor: properties

Aluminum NitrideZnO Varistor

Mechanical

Strength, stiffness, ductility and hardness at room temperature.

Elastic (Young's) Modulus

320 GPa46.4 Msi
120 GPa17.4 Msi

Shear Modulus

128 GPa18.6 Msi
46 GPa6.7 Msi

Bulk Modulus

205 GPa29.7 Msi
100 GPa14.5 Msi

Poisson's Ratio

0.24
0.3

Tensile Strength (Ultimate)

200 MPa29 ksi
—

Elongation at Break

0%
—

Compressive Strength

2,100 MPa305 ksi
600 MPa87 ksi

Flexural Strength

330 MPa47.9 ksi
110 MPa16 ksi

Shear Strength

200 MPa29 ksi
—

Fracture Toughness (K_IC)

3 MPa·√m2.7 ksi·√in
1.3 MPa·√m1.2 ksi·√in

Hardness, Vickers

1,100 HV
400 HV

Hardness, Knoop

1,200 HK
—

Hardness, Mohs

7.5
4.5

Physical

Density and transition temperatures.

Density

3.29 g/cm³0.12 lb/in³
5.55 g/cm³0.2 lb/in³

Melting Point (Solidus)

2,200°C3,992 °F
1,975°C3,587 °F

Refractive Index

2.15
—

Porosity

0.5%
3%

Thermal

How each material carries heat and how hot it can run.

Thermal Conductivity

175 W/m·K101 BTU/hr·ft·°F
18 W/m·K10.4 BTU/hr·ft·°F

Specific Heat Capacity

740 J/kg·K0.18 BTU/lb·°F
520 J/kg·K0.12 BTU/lb·°F

Thermal Expansion (CTE, 20–100 °C)

4.5 µm/m·K2.5 µin/in·°F
6.5 µm/m·K3.6 µin/in·°F

Max Service Temperature (continuous)

1,000°C1,832 °F
125°C257 °F

Min Service Temperature

-269°C-452 °F
-55°C-67 °F

Electrical

Conductivity and insulation.

Electrical Resistivity

1×10¹² Ω·m3.94×10¹⁹ µΩ·in
1×10⁸ Ω·m3.94×10¹⁵ µΩ·in

Dielectric Strength

17 kV/mm432 V/mil
0.2 kV/mm5.1 V/mil

Dielectric Constant (1 MHz)

8.8
500

Dissipation Factor (1 MHz)

5×10⁻⁴
0.05

Volume Resistivity

1×10¹⁴ Ω·cm
1×10¹⁰ Ω·cm

Chemical & Environmental

Corrosion and environmental resistance (0–100 scores).

Corrosion Resistance

82 / 100
45 / 100

Manufacturability

FabDigit workshop ratings (0–100 scores) — how each material behaves on the machine.

Machinability

5 / 100
10 / 100

Polishability

80 / 100
60 / 100

Sintering / Firing Temperature

1,800°C3,272 °F
1,150°C2,102 °F

Sustainability

Primary-production footprint per kilogram.

Embodied Energy (primary production)

250 MJ/kg107,481 BTU/lb
55 MJ/kg23,646 BTU/lb

Embodied Carbon (primary production)

20 kg CO₂/kg
3.6 kg CO₂/kg

Typical Recycled Content

0%
5%

Embodied Water

—
200 L/kg24 gal/lb

Common Calculations

Ratios derived from the values above.

Specific Stiffness (E / density)

97.3 MN·m/kg
21.6 MN·m/kg

Thermal Diffusivity

71.9 mm²/s
6.2 mm²/s

Strength versus weight

Yield strength against density for every ceramic grade in the FabDigit library; the compared grades are highlighted. Up and left is stronger for its weight.

501002005001,000234567Density (g/cm³)Yield strength (MPa) — log scaleAluminum Nitride

Manufacturing and finishing

CapabilityAluminum NitrideZnO Varistor
Default condition——
Relative cost$$$$ High$$$$ High
Min. machined wall——
Best machined surface——

Aluminum Nitride vs ZnO Varistor — frequently asked

What is the difference between Aluminum Nitride and ZnO Varistor?

Aluminum Nitride and ZnO Varistor are both ceramic grades. Aluminum Nitride is harder — 1,100 HV against 400 HV for ZnO Varistor — which matters for wear surfaces and threads. Aluminum Nitride is lighter (3.29 g/cm³ vs 5.55 g/cm³ for ZnO Varistor) and Aluminum Nitride is stiffer (320 GPa vs 120 GPa).

Which is cheaper, Aluminum Nitride or ZnO Varistor?

Both sit in the same relative cost tier ($$$$, high); the part price will be decided by machining time, tolerance and quantity rather than by the material.

Which is easier to machine, Aluminum Nitride or ZnO Varistor?

ZnO Varistor, by a small margin. Both rate not recommended for machinability — 10/100 against 5/100 for Aluminum Nitride.

Ready to make it?

Upload a CAD file and FabDigit prices the part in Aluminum Nitride and ZnO Varistor side by side — material, machining time, tolerance and finish in one quote. Certified material data ships with the order on request.

Typical handbook values for the conditions named above, normalised for comparison. Hardness on non-Brinell scales is converted approximately for charting only. Request certified data with your order for design-critical properties.