Steel En16 Annealed vs En16-CD
Steel · En16 temper comparison
En16 Annealed and En16-CD are two conditions of the same steel grade, En16: Annealed versus CD (cold drawn). The chemistry is identical, so every difference below comes from the condition. En16-CD is the stronger of the two: yield strength 620 MPa (89.9 ksi) against 400 MPa (58 ksi) for En16 Annealed, about 55% more; tensile strength follows at 800 MPa (116 ksi) vs 640 MPa (92.8 ksi). In exchange, En16 Annealed is the more ductile: elongation 24% versus 12% for En16-CD, and En16-CD is harder (240 HB vs 190 HB). En16 Annealed runs hotter in service (400°C vs 300°C continuous). On the shop floor, En16 Annealed welds better (fair vs poor).
En16 AnnealedChoose it when the part is bent, formed or impact-loaded, or when the part sees heat.
En16-CDChoose it when strength drives the design.
En16 Annealed vs En16-CD: propertiesHow to read these bars
- One bar per material. A full bar is the highest value among all steel grades in the FabDigit library; each bar is drawn as a share of that.
- The better value (by the usual engineering direction) is in bold. Rows with no direction — density, thermal conductivity — have no bold.
- Values are typical room-temperature figures for the condition named on each card.
- Confirm against the certified mill or resin datasheet before design release.
How to read these bars
- One bar per material. A full bar is the highest value among all steel grades in the FabDigit library; each bar is drawn as a share of that.
- The better value (by the usual engineering direction) is in bold. Rows with no direction — density, thermal conductivity — have no bold.
- Values are typical room-temperature figures for the condition named on each card.
- Confirm against the certified mill or resin datasheet before design release.
Mechanical
Strength, stiffness, ductility and hardness at room temperature.
Tensile Strength (Ultimate)
Yield Strength (0.2% offset)
Elongation at Break
Reduction in Area
Compressive Strength
Shear Strength
Fatigue Strength (Endurance Limit)
Fracture Toughness (K_IC)
Charpy V-Notch Impact (RT)
Hardness, Brinell
Hardness, Rockwell C
Hardness, Vickers
Same in both: Elastic (Young's) Modulus 210 GPa30.5 Msi · Shear Modulus 80 GPa11.6 Msi · Bulk Modulus 160 GPa23.2 Msi · Poisson's Ratio 0.29
Physical
Density and transition temperatures.
Same in both: Density 7.85 g/cm³0.28 lb/in³ · Melting Point (Solidus) 1,420°C2,588 °F · Liquidus Temperature 1,490°C2,714 °F
Thermal
How each material carries heat and how hot it can run.
Max Service Temperature (continuous)
Same in both: Thermal Conductivity 42 W/m·K24.3 BTU/hr·ft·°F · Specific Heat Capacity 470 J/kg·K0.11 BTU/lb·°F · Thermal Expansion (CTE, 20–100 °C) 12.3 µm/m·K6.8 µin/in·°F · Latent Heat of Fusion 250 J/g107 BTU/lb · Min Service Temperature -40°C-40 °F
Electrical
Conductivity and insulation.
Same in both: Electrical Conductivity 8 % IACS · Electrical Resistivity 2.2×10⁻⁷ Ω·m8.66 µΩ·in
Chemical & Environmental
Corrosion and environmental resistance (0–100 scores).
Same in both: Galvanic Potential (seawater, vs SCE) -0.6 V · Corrosion Resistance 12 / 100
Manufacturability
FabDigit workshop ratings (0–100 scores) — how each material behaves on the machine.
Machinability
Machinability Rating (AISI 1212 = 100 %)
Weldability
Formability (cold)
Same in both: Brazeability / Solderability 50 / 100 · Polishability 65 / 100
Sustainability
Primary-production footprint per kilogram.
Same in both: Embodied Energy (primary production) 29 MJ/kg12,468 BTU/lb · Embodied Carbon (primary production) 2.3 kg CO₂/kg · Embodied Water 50 L/kg6 gal/lb · Typical Recycled Content 30%
Strength versus weight
Yield strength against density for every steel grade in the FabDigit library; the compared grades are highlighted. Up and left is stronger for its weight.
En16 Annealed vs En16-CD — frequently asked
Is En16-CD stronger than En16 Annealed?
Yes. En16-CD has a typical yield strength of 620 MPa (89.9 ksi) against 400 MPa (58 ksi) for En16 Annealed — about 55% more. Tensile strength is 800 MPa (116 ksi) vs 640 MPa (92.8 ksi).
Which condition does FabDigit quote by default, Annealed or CD?
T is the default En16 condition in the FabDigit quote flow (neither Annealed nor CD). The other condition is available on request or by drawing note — specify it in the material field or the part notes and the quote is priced for it.
Which welds better, En16 Annealed or En16-CD?
En16 Annealed. Its weldability rates fair (45/100) against poor (32/100) for En16-CD.
Ready to make it?
Upload a CAD file and FabDigit prices the part in En16 Annealed and En16-CD side by side — material, machining time, tolerance and finish in one quote. Certified material data ships with the order on request.
Typical handbook values for the conditions named above, normalised for comparison. Hardness on non-Brinell scales is converted approximately for charting only. Request certified data with your order for design-critical properties.