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Spinel vs MgO Ceramic vs BeO Ceramic vs TiO2 Ceramic

Benchmark · 4 materials

Side-by-side benchmark of 4 ceramic grades.

Spinel vs MgO Ceramic and 2 more: properties

SpinelMgO CeramicBeO CeramicTiO2 Ceramic

Mechanical

Strength, stiffness, ductility and hardness at room temperature.

Elastic (Young's) Modulus

265 GPa38.4 Msi
300 GPa43.5 Msi
345 GPa50 Msi
250 GPa36.3 Msi

Shear Modulus

108 GPa15.7 Msi
128 GPa18.6 Msi
137 GPa19.9 Msi
95 GPa13.8 Msi

Bulk Modulus

193 GPa28 Msi
155 GPa22.5 Msi
240 GPa34.8 Msi
205 GPa29.7 Msi

Poisson's Ratio

0.26
0.18
0.26
0.27

Tensile Strength (Ultimate)

120 MPa17.4 ksi
100 MPa14.5 ksi
140 MPa20.3 ksi
80 MPa11.6 ksi

Compressive Strength

1,800 MPa261 ksi
1,000 MPa145 ksi
1,550 MPa225 ksi
750 MPa109 ksi

Flexural Strength

180 MPa26.1 ksi
170 MPa24.7 ksi
235 MPa34.1 ksi
140 MPa20.3 ksi

Fracture Toughness (K_IC)

1.8 MPa·√m1.6 ksi·√in
1.6 MPa·√m1.5 ksi·√in
3.5 MPa·√m3.2 ksi·√in
2.5 MPa·√m2.3 ksi·√in

Hardness, Vickers

1,350 HV
620 HV
1,200 HV
950 HV

Hardness, Knoop

1,300 HK
590 HK
1,200 HK
880 HK

Hardness, Mohs

8
6
9
6.2

Physical

Density and transition temperatures.

Density

3.55 g/cm³0.13 lb/in³
3.55 g/cm³0.13 lb/in³
2.87 g/cm³0.1 lb/in³
4.15 g/cm³0.15 lb/in³

Melting Point (Solidus)

2,135°C3,875 °F
2,800°C5,072 °F
2,530°C4,586 °F
1,843°C3,349 °F

Refractive Index

1.715
1.736
1.72
2.7

Light Transmission

0%
—
—
—

Porosity

0.7%
2%
0.5%
1%

Thermal

How each material carries heat and how hot it can run.

Thermal Conductivity

15 W/m·K8.7 BTU/hr·ft·°F
40 W/m·K23.1 BTU/hr·ft·°F
285 W/m·K165 BTU/hr·ft·°F
7 W/m·K4 BTU/hr·ft·°F

Specific Heat Capacity

820 J/kg·K0.2 BTU/lb·°F
935 J/kg·K0.22 BTU/lb·°F
1,030 J/kg·K0.25 BTU/lb·°F
690 J/kg·K0.16 BTU/lb·°F

Thermal Expansion (CTE, 20–100 °C)

6 µm/m·K3.3 µin/in·°F
13.5 µm/m·K7.5 µin/in·°F
7 µm/m·K3.9 µin/in·°F
8 µm/m·K4.4 µin/in·°F

Max Service Temperature (continuous)

1,600°C2,912 °F
1,700°C3,092 °F
1,800°C3,272 °F
1,100°C2,012 °F

Min Service Temperature

-269°C-452 °F
-200°C-328 °F
-269°C-452 °F
-200°C-328 °F

Electrical

Conductivity and insulation.

Electrical Resistivity

1×10¹² Ω·m3.94×10¹⁹ µΩ·in
1×10¹² Ω·m3.94×10¹⁹ µΩ·in
1×10¹³ Ω·m3.94×10²⁰ µΩ·in
1×10¹¹ Ω·m3.94×10¹⁸ µΩ·in

Dielectric Strength

16 kV/mm406 V/mil
12 kV/mm305 V/mil
12 kV/mm305 V/mil
10 kV/mm254 V/mil

Dielectric Constant (1 MHz)

8.3
9.7
6.7
95

Dissipation Factor (1 MHz)

3×10⁻⁴
4×10⁻⁴
4×10⁻⁴
8×10⁻⁴

Volume Resistivity

1×10¹⁴ Ω·cm
1×10¹⁴ Ω·cm
1×10¹⁵ Ω·cm
1×10¹³ Ω·cm

Chemical & Environmental

Corrosion and environmental resistance (0–100 scores).

Corrosion Resistance

92 / 100
35 / 100
85 / 100
90 / 100

Manufacturability

FabDigit workshop ratings (0–100 scores) — how each material behaves on the machine.

Machinability

5 / 100
22 / 100
5 / 100
5 / 100

Polishability

88 / 100
65 / 100
70 / 100
80 / 100

Sintering / Firing Temperature

1,650°C3,002 °F
1,700°C3,092 °F
1,650°C3,002 °F
1,400°C2,552 °F

Sustainability

Primary-production footprint per kilogram.

Embodied Energy (primary production)

75 MJ/kg32,244 BTU/lb
40 MJ/kg17,197 BTU/lb
300 MJ/kg128,977 BTU/lb
80 MJ/kg34,394 BTU/lb

Embodied Carbon (primary production)

6.5 kg CO₂/kg
3 kg CO₂/kg
22 kg CO₂/kg
6 kg CO₂/kg

Embodied Water

200 L/kg24 gal/lb
25 L/kg3 gal/lb
400 L/kg47.9 gal/lb
200 L/kg24 gal/lb

Typical Recycled Content

0%
5%
5%
0%

Common Calculations

Ratios derived from the values above.

Specific Strength (UTS / density)

34 kN·m/kg
28 kN·m/kg
49 kN·m/kg
19 kN·m/kg

Specific Stiffness (E / density)

74.6 MN·m/kg
84.5 MN·m/kg
120.2 MN·m/kg
60.2 MN·m/kg

Thermal Diffusivity

5.2 mm²/s
12.1 mm²/s
96.4 mm²/s
2.4 mm²/s

Thermal Shock Resistance Index

1
1
17
0

Strength versus weight

Yield strength against density for every ceramic grade in the FabDigit library; the compared grades are highlighted. Up and left is stronger for its weight.

501002005001,000234567Density (g/cm³)Yield strength (MPa) — log scale

Manufacturing and finishing

CapabilitySpinelMgO CeramicBeO CeramicTiO2 Ceramic
Default condition————
Relative cost$$$$ High$$ Standard$$$$ High$$$$ High
Min. machined wall————
Best machined surface————

Ready to make it?

Upload a CAD file and FabDigit prices the part in Spinel and MgO Ceramic side by side — material, machining time, tolerance and finish in one quote. Certified material data ships with the order on request.

Typical handbook values for the conditions named above, normalised for comparison. Hardness on non-Brinell scales is converted approximately for charting only. Request certified data with your order for design-critical properties.