FabDigit

C4 vs YG3 vs YG6 vs YG8

Benchmark · 4 materials

Side-by-side benchmark of 4 ceramic grades.

C4 vs YG3 and 2 more: properties

C4YG3YG6YG8

Mechanical

Strength, stiffness, ductility and hardness at room temperature.

Elastic (Young's) Modulus

665 GPa96.5 Msi
650 GPa94.3 Msi
630 GPa91.4 Msi
600 GPa87 Msi

Shear Modulus

275 GPa39.9 Msi
268 GPa38.9 Msi
255 GPa37 Msi
245 GPa35.5 Msi

Bulk Modulus

382 GPa55.4 Msi
385 GPa55.8 Msi
375 GPa54.4 Msi
360 GPa52.2 Msi

Poisson's Ratio

0.21
0.21
0.22
0.22

Tensile Strength (Ultimate)

1,200 MPa174 ksi
1,100 MPa160 ksi
1,100 MPa160 ksi
1,200 MPa174 ksi

Elongation at Break

0%
0%
0.2%
0.1%

Compressive Strength

6,500 MPa943 ksi
6,000 MPa870 ksi
4,600 MPa667 ksi
4,500 MPa653 ksi

Flexural Strength

1,600 MPa232 ksi
1,200 MPa174 ksi
1,800 MPa261 ksi
2,000 MPa290 ksi

Shear Strength

1,200 MPa174 ksi
900 MPa131 ksi
1,200 MPa174 ksi
1,300 MPa189 ksi

Fracture Toughness (K_IC)

8 MPa·√m7.3 ksi·√in
8.5 MPa·√m7.7 ksi·√in
10 MPa·√m9.1 ksi·√in
14 MPa·√m12.7 ksi·√in

Hardness, Vickers

1,850 HV
1,580 HV
1,580 HV
1,350 HV

Hardness, Knoop

1,800 HK
1,500 HK
1,500 HK
1,400 HK

Same in both: Hardness, Mohs 9

Physical

Density and transition temperatures.

Density

15.2 g/cm³0.55 lb/in³
15.1 g/cm³0.55 lb/in³
14.9 g/cm³0.54 lb/in³
14.7 g/cm³0.53 lb/in³

Same in both: Melting Point (Solidus) 1,320°C2,408 °F · Porosity 0.02%

Thermal

How each material carries heat and how hot it can run.

Thermal Conductivity

100 W/m·K57.8 BTU/hr·ft·°F
88 W/m·K50.8 BTU/hr·ft·°F
80 W/m·K46.2 BTU/hr·ft·°F
75 W/m·K43.3 BTU/hr·ft·°F

Specific Heat Capacity

210 J/kg·K0.05 BTU/lb·°F
210 J/kg·K0.05 BTU/lb·°F
220 J/kg·K0.05 BTU/lb·°F
220 J/kg·K0.05 BTU/lb·°F

Thermal Expansion (CTE, 20–100 °C)

4.5 µm/m·K2.5 µin/in·°F
4.4 µm/m·K2.4 µin/in·°F
4.5 µm/m·K2.5 µin/in·°F
4.8 µm/m·K2.7 µin/in·°F

Min Service Temperature

-196°C-321 °F
-196°C-321 °F
-196°C-321 °F
-200°C-328 °F

Same in both: Max Service Temperature (continuous) 600°C1,112 °F

Electrical

Conductivity and insulation.

Electrical Resistivity

1.9×10⁻⁷ Ω·m7.48 µΩ·in
2×10⁻⁷ Ω·m7.87 µΩ·in
2×10⁻⁷ Ω·m7.87 µΩ·in
2×10⁻⁷ Ω·m7.87 µΩ·in

Volume Resistivity

1.9×10⁻⁵ Ω·cm
2×10⁻⁵ Ω·cm
2×10⁻⁵ Ω·cm
2×10⁻⁵ Ω·cm

Chemical & Environmental

Corrosion and environmental resistance (0–100 scores).

Corrosion Resistance

45 / 100
58 / 100
55 / 100
45 / 100

Manufacturability

FabDigit workshop ratings (0–100 scores) — how each material behaves on the machine.

Machinability

3 / 100
3 / 100
5 / 100
5 / 100

Polishability

92 / 100
92 / 100
90 / 100
90 / 100

Same in both: Sintering / Firing Temperature 1,420°C2,588 °F

Sustainability

Primary-production footprint per kilogram.

Embodied Energy (primary production)

400 MJ/kg171,969 BTU/lb
250 MJ/kg107,481 BTU/lb
330 MJ/kg141,875 BTU/lb
180 MJ/kg77,386 BTU/lb

Embodied Carbon (primary production)

30 kg CO₂/kg
20 kg CO₂/kg
24 kg CO₂/kg
12 kg CO₂/kg

Embodied Water

300 L/kg35.9 gal/lb
500 L/kg59.9 gal/lb
400 L/kg47.9 gal/lb
400 L/kg47.9 gal/lb

Same in both: Typical Recycled Content 30%

Common Calculations

Ratios derived from the values above.

Specific Strength (UTS / density)

79 kN·m/kg
73 kN·m/kg
74 kN·m/kg
82 kN·m/kg

Specific Stiffness (E / density)

43.8 MN·m/kg
43 MN·m/kg
42.3 MN·m/kg
40.8 MN·m/kg

Thermal Diffusivity

31.3 mm²/s
27.8 mm²/s
24.4 mm²/s
23.2 mm²/s

Thermal Shock Resistance Index

40
34
31
31

Strength versus weight

Yield strength against density for every ceramic grade in the FabDigit library; the compared grades are highlighted. Up and left is stronger for its weight.

501002005001,000234567Density (g/cm³)Yield strength (MPa) — log scale

Manufacturing and finishing

CapabilityC4YG3YG6YG8
Default condition
Relative cost$$$$ High$$$$ High$$$$ High$$$$ High
Min. machined wall
Best machined surface

Ready to make it?

Upload a CAD file and FabDigit prices the part in C4 and YG3 side by side — material, machining time, tolerance and finish in one quote. Certified material data ships with the order on request.

Typical handbook values for the conditions named above, normalised for comparison. Hardness on non-Brinell scales is converted approximately for charting only. Request certified data with your order for design-critical properties.