Steel P2-CH vs P2-N
Steel · P2 temper comparison
P2-CH and P2-N are two conditions of the same steel grade, P2: CH (carburized and hardened) versus N (normalized). The chemistry is identical, so every difference below comes from the condition. P2-CH is the stronger of the two: yield strength 720 MPa (104 ksi) against 400 MPa (58 ksi) for P2-N, about 80% more; tensile strength follows at 950 MPa (138 ksi) vs 600 MPa (87 ksi). In exchange, P2-N is the more ductile: elongation 22% versus 13% for P2-CH, and P2-CH is harder (620 HB vs 150 HB). P2-N runs hotter in service (400°C vs 200°C continuous). On the shop floor, P2-N machines more easily (good vs not recommended) and P2-N welds better (good vs poor).
P2-CHChoose it when strength drives the design.
P2-NChoose it when the part is bent, formed or impact-loaded, or when the part sees heat.
P2-CH vs P2-N: propertiesHow to read these bars
- One bar per material. A full bar is the highest value among all steel grades in the FabDigit library; each bar is drawn as a share of that.
- The better value (by the usual engineering direction) is in bold. Rows with no direction — density, thermal conductivity — have no bold.
- Values are typical room-temperature figures for the condition named on each card.
- Confirm against the certified mill or resin datasheet before design release.
How to read these bars
- One bar per material. A full bar is the highest value among all steel grades in the FabDigit library; each bar is drawn as a share of that.
- The better value (by the usual engineering direction) is in bold. Rows with no direction — density, thermal conductivity — have no bold.
- Values are typical room-temperature figures for the condition named on each card.
- Confirm against the certified mill or resin datasheet before design release.
Mechanical
Strength, stiffness, ductility and hardness at room temperature.
Tensile Strength (Ultimate)
Yield Strength (0.2% offset)
Elongation at Break
Reduction in Area
Compressive Strength
Shear Strength
Fatigue Strength (Endurance Limit)
Fracture Toughness (K_IC)
Charpy V-Notch Impact (RT)
Hardness, Brinell
Hardness, Rockwell B
Hardness, Vickers
Same in both: Elastic (Young's) Modulus 205 GPa29.7 Msi · Shear Modulus 80 GPa11.6 Msi · Bulk Modulus 160 GPa23.2 Msi · Poisson's Ratio 0.29
Physical
Density and transition temperatures.
Same in both: Density 7.85 g/cm³0.28 lb/in³ · Melting Point (Solidus) 1,420°C2,588 °F · Liquidus Temperature 1,500°C2,732 °F
Thermal
How each material carries heat and how hot it can run.
Thermal Conductivity
Max Service Temperature (continuous)
Same in both: Specific Heat Capacity 460 J/kg·K0.11 BTU/lb·°F · Thermal Expansion (CTE, 20–100 °C) 12.4 µm/m·K6.9 µin/in·°F · Latent Heat of Fusion 250 J/g107 BTU/lb · Min Service Temperature -20°C-4 °F
Electrical
Conductivity and insulation.
Same in both: Electrical Conductivity 8.5 % IACS · Electrical Resistivity 2×10⁻⁷ Ω·m7.87 µΩ·in
Chemical & Environmental
Corrosion and environmental resistance (0–100 scores).
Same in both: Galvanic Potential (seawater, vs SCE) -0.61 V · Corrosion Resistance 12 / 100
Manufacturability
FabDigit workshop ratings (0–100 scores) — how each material behaves on the machine.
Machinability
Machinability Rating (AISI 1212 = 100 %)
Weldability
Formability (cold)
Polishability
Same in both: Castability 35 / 100 · Brazeability / Solderability 55 / 100
Sustainability
Primary-production footprint per kilogram.
Same in both: Embodied Energy (primary production) 34 MJ/kg14,617 BTU/lb · Embodied Carbon (primary production) 2.4 kg CO₂/kg · Embodied Water 60 L/kg7.2 gal/lb · Typical Recycled Content 35%
Strength versus weight
Yield strength against density for every steel grade in the FabDigit library; the compared grades are highlighted. Up and left is stronger for its weight.
P2-CH vs P2-N — frequently asked
Is P2-CH stronger than P2-N?
Yes. P2-CH has a typical yield strength of 720 MPa (104 ksi) against 400 MPa (58 ksi) for P2-N — about 80% more. Tensile strength is 950 MPa (138 ksi) vs 600 MPa (87 ksi).
Which condition does FabDigit quote by default, CH or N?
ANN is the default P2 condition in the FabDigit quote flow (neither CH nor N). The other condition is available on request or by drawing note — specify it in the material field or the part notes and the quote is priced for it.
Which is easier to machine, P2-CH or P2-N?
P2-N. Its machinability rates good (65/100) against not recommended (12/100) for P2-CH; for welding the order is P2-N first (good, 60/100) then P2-CH (poor, 20/100).
Ready to make it?
Upload a CAD file and FabDigit prices the part in P2-CH and P2-N side by side — material, machining time, tolerance and finish in one quote. Certified material data ships with the order on request.
Typical handbook values for the conditions named above, normalised for comparison. Hardness on non-Brinell scales is converted approximately for charting only. Request certified data with your order for design-critical properties.