Steel C45E Annealed vs C45E Normalized
Steel · C45E temper comparison
C45E Annealed and C45E Normalized are two conditions of the same steel grade, C45E: Annealed versus Normalized. The chemistry is identical, so every difference below comes from the condition. C45E Normalized is the stronger of the two: yield strength 380 MPa (55.1 ksi) against 320 MPa (46.4 ksi) for C45E Annealed, about 19% more; tensile strength follows at 660 MPa (95.7 ksi) vs 580 MPa (84.1 ksi). In exchange, C45E Annealed is the more ductile: elongation 20% versus 18% for C45E Normalized, and C45E Normalized is harder (190 HB vs 170 HB).
C45E AnnealedChoose it when the part is bent, formed or impact-loaded.
C45E NormalizedChoose it when strength drives the design.
C45E Annealed vs C45E Normalized: propertiesHow to read these bars
- One bar per material. A full bar is the highest value among all steel grades in the FabDigit library; each bar is drawn as a share of that.
- The better value (by the usual engineering direction) is in bold. Rows with no direction — density, thermal conductivity — have no bold.
- Values are typical room-temperature figures for the condition named on each card.
- Confirm against the certified mill or resin datasheet before design release.
How to read these bars
- One bar per material. A full bar is the highest value among all steel grades in the FabDigit library; each bar is drawn as a share of that.
- The better value (by the usual engineering direction) is in bold. Rows with no direction — density, thermal conductivity — have no bold.
- Values are typical room-temperature figures for the condition named on each card.
- Confirm against the certified mill or resin datasheet before design release.
Mechanical
Strength, stiffness, ductility and hardness at room temperature.
Tensile Strength (Ultimate)
Yield Strength (0.2% offset)
Elongation at Break
Reduction in Area
Fatigue Strength (Endurance Limit)
Charpy V-Notch Impact (RT)
Hardness, Brinell
Hardness, Rockwell B
Same in both: Elastic (Young's) Modulus 210 GPa30.5 Msi · Shear Modulus 80 GPa11.6 Msi · Bulk Modulus 160 GPa23.2 Msi · Poisson's Ratio 0.29 · Compressive Strength 390 MPa56.6 ksi · Shear Strength 430 MPa62.4 ksi · Fracture Toughness (K_IC) 50 MPa·√m45.5 ksi·√in · Hardness, Vickers 200 HV
Physical
Density and transition temperatures.
Same in both: Density 7.85 g/cm³0.28 lb/in³ · Melting Point (Solidus) 1,420°C2,588 °F · Liquidus Temperature 1,495°C2,723 °F
Thermal
How each material carries heat and how hot it can run.
Same in both: Thermal Conductivity 48 W/m·K27.7 BTU/hr·ft·°F · Specific Heat Capacity 475 J/kg·K0.11 BTU/lb·°F · Thermal Expansion (CTE, 20–100 °C) 11.5 µm/m·K6.4 µin/in·°F · Latent Heat of Fusion 250 J/g107 BTU/lb · Max Service Temperature (continuous) 350°C662 °F · Min Service Temperature -20°C-4 °F
Electrical
Conductivity and insulation.
Same in both: Electrical Conductivity 10 % IACS · Electrical Resistivity 1.7×10⁻⁷ Ω·m6.69 µΩ·in
Chemical & Environmental
Corrosion and environmental resistance (0–100 scores).
Same in both: Galvanic Potential (seawater, vs SCE) -0.61 V · Corrosion Resistance 10 / 100
Manufacturability
FabDigit workshop ratings (0–100 scores) — how each material behaves on the machine.
Machinability
Machinability Rating (AISI 1212 = 100 %)
Weldability
Formability (cold)
Same in both: Brazeability / Solderability 60 / 100 · Polishability 60 / 100
Sustainability
Primary-production footprint per kilogram.
Same in both: Embodied Energy (primary production) 24 MJ/kg10,318 BTU/lb · Embodied Carbon (primary production) 2 kg CO₂/kg · Embodied Water 45 L/kg5.4 gal/lb · Typical Recycled Content 30%
Strength versus weight
Yield strength against density for every steel grade in the FabDigit library; the compared grades are highlighted. Up and left is stronger for its weight.
C45E Annealed vs C45E Normalized — frequently asked
Is C45E Normalized stronger than C45E Annealed?
Yes. C45E Normalized has a typical yield strength of 380 MPa (55.1 ksi) against 320 MPa (46.4 ksi) for C45E Annealed — about 19% more. Tensile strength is 660 MPa (95.7 ksi) vs 580 MPa (84.1 ksi).
Which condition does FabDigit quote by default, Annealed or Normalized?
Normalized is the default C45E condition in the FabDigit quote flow. The other condition is available on request or by drawing note — specify it in the material field or the part notes and the quote is priced for it.
Which welds better, C45E Annealed or C45E Normalized?
C45E Annealed. Its weldability rates fair (50/100) against fair (45/100) for C45E Normalized.
Ready to make it?
Upload a CAD file and FabDigit prices the part in C45E Annealed and C45E Normalized side by side — material, machining time, tolerance and finish in one quote. Certified material data ships with the order on request.
Typical handbook values for the conditions named above, normalised for comparison. Hardness on non-Brinell scales is converted approximately for charting only. Request certified data with your order for design-critical properties.