Steel A335 P91 Normalized vs A335 P91 Q&T
Steel · A335 P91 temper comparison
A335 P91 Normalized and A335 P91 Q&T are two conditions of the same steel grade, A335 P91: Normalized versus Q&T (quenched and tempered). The chemistry is identical, so every difference below comes from the condition. A335 P91 Normalized is the stronger of the two: yield strength 1,000 MPa (145 ksi) against 530 MPa (76.9 ksi) for A335 P91 Q&T, about 89% more; tensile strength follows at 1,350 MPa (196 ksi) vs 700 MPa (102 ksi). In exchange, A335 P91 Q&T is the more ductile: elongation 20% versus 10% for A335 P91 Normalized, and A335 P91 Normalized is harder (420 HB vs 230 HB). A335 P91 Q&T runs hotter in service (600°C vs 200°C continuous). On the shop floor, A335 P91 Q&T machines more easily (fair vs poor) and A335 P91 Q&T welds better (fair vs poor).
A335 P91 NormalizedChoose it when strength drives the design.
A335 P91 Q&TChoose it when the part is bent, formed or impact-loaded, or when the part sees heat.
A335 P91 Normalized vs A335 P91 Q&T: propertiesHow to read these bars
- One bar per material. A full bar is the highest value among all steel grades in the FabDigit library; each bar is drawn as a share of that.
- The better value (by the usual engineering direction) is in bold. Rows with no direction — density, thermal conductivity — have no bold.
- Values are typical room-temperature figures for the condition named on each card.
- Confirm against the certified mill or resin datasheet before design release.
How to read these bars
- One bar per material. A full bar is the highest value among all steel grades in the FabDigit library; each bar is drawn as a share of that.
- The better value (by the usual engineering direction) is in bold. Rows with no direction — density, thermal conductivity — have no bold.
- Values are typical room-temperature figures for the condition named on each card.
- Confirm against the certified mill or resin datasheet before design release.
A335 P91 NormalizedA335 P91 Q&T
Mechanical
Strength, stiffness, ductility and hardness at room temperature.
Tensile Strength (Ultimate)
Yield Strength (0.2% offset)
Elongation at Break
Reduction in Area
Fatigue Strength (Endurance Limit)
Charpy V-Notch Impact (RT)
Hardness, Brinell
Hardness, Rockwell C
Hardness, Vickers
Same in both: Elastic (Young's) Modulus 218 GPa31.6 Msi · Shear Modulus 84 GPa12.2 Msi · Bulk Modulus 180 GPa26.1 Msi · Poisson's Ratio 0.3 · Compressive Strength 490 MPa71.1 ksi · Shear Strength 400 MPa58 ksi · Fracture Toughness (K_IC) 120 MPa·√m109 ksi·√in
Physical
Density and transition temperatures.
Same in both: Density 7.77 g/cm³0.28 lb/in³ · Melting Point (Solidus) 1,450°C2,642 °F · Liquidus Temperature 1,505°C2,741 °F
Thermal
How each material carries heat and how hot it can run.
Max Service Temperature (continuous)
Same in both: Thermal Conductivity 26 W/m·K15 BTU/hr·ft·°F · Specific Heat Capacity 480 J/kg·K0.11 BTU/lb·°F · Thermal Expansion (CTE, 20–100 °C) 10.8 µm/m·K6 µin/in·°F · Latent Heat of Fusion 270 J/g116 BTU/lb · Min Service Temperature -30°C-22 °F
Electrical
Conductivity and insulation.
Same in both: Electrical Resistivity 6×10⁻⁷ Ω·m23.6 µΩ·in
Chemical & Environmental
Corrosion and environmental resistance (0–100 scores).
Same in both: Galvanic Potential (seawater, vs SCE) -0.55 V · Corrosion Resistance 28 / 100
Manufacturability
FabDigit workshop ratings (0–100 scores) — how each material behaves on the machine.
Machinability
Machinability Rating (AISI 1212 = 100 %)
Weldability
Formability (cold)
Same in both: Brazeability / Solderability 35 / 100 · Polishability 55 / 100
Sustainability
Primary-production footprint per kilogram.
Same in both: Embodied Energy (primary production) 34 MJ/kg14,617 BTU/lb · Embodied Carbon (primary production) 2.6 kg CO₂/kg · Embodied Water 65 L/kg7.8 gal/lb · Typical Recycled Content 30%
Strength versus weight
Yield strength against density for every steel grade in the FabDigit library; the compared grades are highlighted. Up and left is stronger for its weight.
A335 P91 Normalized vs A335 P91 Q&T — frequently asked
Is A335 P91 Normalized stronger than A335 P91 Q&T?
Yes. A335 P91 Normalized has a typical yield strength of 1,000 MPa (145 ksi) against 530 MPa (76.9 ksi) for A335 P91 Q&T — about 89% more. Tensile strength is 1,350 MPa (196 ksi) vs 700 MPa (102 ksi).
Which condition does FabDigit quote by default, Normalized or Q&T?
HR is the default A335 P91 condition in the FabDigit quote flow (neither Normalized nor Q&T). The other condition is available on request or by drawing note — specify it in the material field or the part notes and the quote is priced for it.
Which is easier to machine, A335 P91 Normalized or A335 P91 Q&T?
A335 P91 Q&T. Its machinability rates fair (42/100) against poor (15/100) for A335 P91 Normalized; for welding the order is A335 P91 Q&T first (fair, 38/100) then A335 P91 Normalized (poor, 15/100).
Ready to make it?
Upload a CAD file and FabDigit prices the part in A335 P91 Normalized and A335 P91 Q&T side by side — material, machining time, tolerance and finish in one quote. Certified material data ships with the order on request.
Typical handbook values for the conditions named above, normalised for comparison. Hardness on non-Brinell scales is converted approximately for charting only. Request certified data with your order for design-critical properties.