Steel 45L-A vs 45L-F
Steel · 45L temper comparison
45L-A and 45L-F are two conditions of the same steel grade, 45L: A (solution annealed) versus F (as fabricated). The chemistry is identical, so every difference below comes from the condition. Both yield at about 290 MPa — the mechanical properties are the same, and the difference is in how the stock is processed and what it is certified to (solution annealed versus as fabricated). 45L-A is the more ductile: elongation 15% versus 8% for 45L-F, and 45L-F is harder (190 HB vs 179 HB). On the shop floor, 45L-A machines more easily (good vs fair) and 45L-A welds better (fair vs poor).
45L-AChoose it when the part is bent, formed or impact-loaded, or when the part is machined in volume.
45L-A vs 45L-F: propertiesHow to read these bars
- One bar per material. A full bar is the highest value among all steel grades in the FabDigit library; each bar is drawn as a share of that.
- The better value (by the usual engineering direction) is in bold. Rows with no direction — density, thermal conductivity — have no bold.
- Values are typical room-temperature figures for the condition named on each card.
- Confirm against the certified mill or resin datasheet before design release.
How to read these bars
- One bar per material. A full bar is the highest value among all steel grades in the FabDigit library; each bar is drawn as a share of that.
- The better value (by the usual engineering direction) is in bold. Rows with no direction — density, thermal conductivity — have no bold.
- Values are typical room-temperature figures for the condition named on each card.
- Confirm against the certified mill or resin datasheet before design release.
Mechanical
Strength, stiffness, ductility and hardness at room temperature.
Tensile Strength (Ultimate)
Elongation at Break
Reduction in Area
Shear Strength
Fatigue Strength (Endurance Limit)
Fracture Toughness (K_IC)
Charpy V-Notch Impact (RT)
Hardness, Brinell
Hardness, Rockwell B
Hardness, Vickers
Same in both: Elastic (Young's) Modulus 205 GPa29.7 Msi · Shear Modulus 80 GPa11.6 Msi · Bulk Modulus 160 GPa23.2 Msi · Poisson's Ratio 0.29 · Yield Strength (0.2% offset) 290 MPa42.1 ksi · Compressive Strength 290 MPa42.1 ksi
Physical
Density and transition temperatures.
Same in both: Density 7.83 g/cm³0.28 lb/in³ · Melting Point (Solidus) 1,420°C2,588 °F · Liquidus Temperature 1,490°C2,714 °F
Thermal
How each material carries heat and how hot it can run.
Thermal Conductivity
Max Service Temperature (continuous)
Same in both: Specific Heat Capacity 470 J/kg·K0.11 BTU/lb·°F · Thermal Expansion (CTE, 20–100 °C) 11.9 µm/m·K6.6 µin/in·°F · Latent Heat of Fusion 270 J/g116 BTU/lb · Min Service Temperature -30°C-22 °F
Electrical
Conductivity and insulation.
Electrical Conductivity
Electrical Resistivity
Chemical & Environmental
Corrosion and environmental resistance (0–100 scores).
Corrosion Resistance
Same in both: Galvanic Potential (seawater, vs SCE) -0.61 V
Manufacturability
FabDigit workshop ratings (0–100 scores) — how each material behaves on the machine.
Machinability
Machinability Rating (AISI 1212 = 100 %)
Weldability
Formability (cold)
Same in both: Castability 70 / 100 · Brazeability / Solderability 55 / 100 · Polishability 55 / 100
Sustainability
Primary-production footprint per kilogram.
Same in both: Embodied Energy (primary production) 25 MJ/kg10,748 BTU/lb · Embodied Carbon (primary production) 2 kg CO₂/kg · Embodied Water 35 L/kg4.2 gal/lb · Typical Recycled Content 80%
Strength versus weight
Yield strength against density for every steel grade in the FabDigit library; the compared grades are highlighted. Up and left is stronger for its weight.
45L-A vs 45L-F — frequently asked
What is the difference between 45L-A and 45L-F?
45L-A and 45L-F are two conditions of the same steel grade, 45L: A (solution annealed) versus F (as fabricated). The chemistry is identical, so every difference below comes from the condition. Both yield at about 290 MPa — the mechanical properties are the same, and the difference is in how the stock is processed and what it is certified to (solution annealed versus as fabricated).
Which condition does FabDigit quote by default, A or F?
N+T is the default 45L condition in the FabDigit quote flow (neither A nor F). The other condition is available on request or by drawing note — specify it in the material field or the part notes and the quote is priced for it.
Which is easier to machine, 45L-A or 45L-F?
45L-A. Its machinability rates good (60/100) against fair (50/100) for 45L-F; for welding the order is 45L-A first (fair, 35/100) then 45L-F (poor, 25/100).
Ready to make it?
Upload a CAD file and FabDigit prices the part in 45L-A and 45L-F side by side — material, machining time, tolerance and finish in one quote. Certified material data ships with the order on request.
Typical handbook values for the conditions named above, normalised for comparison. Hardness on non-Brinell scales is converted approximately for charting only. Request certified data with your order for design-critical properties.