Steel 1213 CARB vs 1213-HR
Steel · 1213 temper comparison
1213 CARB and 1213-HR are two conditions of the same steel grade, 1213: CARB (carburized & quenched) versus HR (hot rolled). The chemistry is identical, so every difference below comes from the condition. 1213 CARB is the stronger of the two: yield strength 400 MPa (58 ksi) against 235 MPa (34.1 ksi) for 1213-HR, about 70% more; tensile strength follows at 560 MPa (81.2 ksi) vs 395 MPa (57.3 ksi). In exchange, 1213-HR is the more ductile: elongation 25% versus 12% for 1213 CARB, and 1213 CARB is harder (160 HB vs 116 HB). 1213-HR runs hotter in service (400°C vs 180°C continuous). On the shop floor, 1213-HR machines more easily (excellent vs poor) and 1213-HR welds better (poor vs not recommended).
1213 CARBChoose it when strength drives the design.
1213-HRChoose it when the part is bent, formed or impact-loaded, or when the part sees heat.
1213 CARB vs 1213-HR: propertiesHow to read these bars
- One bar per material. A full bar is the highest value among all steel grades in the FabDigit library; each bar is drawn as a share of that.
- The better value (by the usual engineering direction) is in bold. Rows with no direction — density, thermal conductivity — have no bold.
- Values are typical room-temperature figures for the condition named on each card.
- Confirm against the certified mill or resin datasheet before design release.
How to read these bars
- One bar per material. A full bar is the highest value among all steel grades in the FabDigit library; each bar is drawn as a share of that.
- The better value (by the usual engineering direction) is in bold. Rows with no direction — density, thermal conductivity — have no bold.
- Values are typical room-temperature figures for the condition named on each card.
- Confirm against the certified mill or resin datasheet before design release.
Mechanical
Strength, stiffness, ductility and hardness at room temperature.
Tensile Strength (Ultimate)
Yield Strength (0.2% offset)
Elongation at Break
Reduction in Area
Compressive Strength
Shear Strength
Fatigue Strength (Endurance Limit)
Charpy V-Notch Impact (RT)
Hardness, Brinell
Hardness, Rockwell B
Hardness, Vickers
Same in both: Elastic (Young's) Modulus 200 GPa29 Msi · Shear Modulus 80 GPa11.6 Msi · Bulk Modulus 140 GPa20.3 Msi · Poisson's Ratio 0.29
Physical
Density and transition temperatures.
Same in both: Density 7.87 g/cm³0.28 lb/in³ · Melting Point (Solidus) 1,420°C2,588 °F · Liquidus Temperature 1,500°C2,732 °F
Thermal
How each material carries heat and how hot it can run.
Max Service Temperature (continuous)
Same in both: Thermal Conductivity 51.9 W/m·K30 BTU/hr·ft·°F · Specific Heat Capacity 486 J/kg·K0.12 BTU/lb·°F · Thermal Expansion (CTE, 20–100 °C) 11.9 µm/m·K6.6 µin/in·°F · Latent Heat of Fusion 247 J/g106 BTU/lb · Min Service Temperature -20°C-4 °F
Electrical
Conductivity and insulation.
Same in both: Electrical Conductivity 10.8 % IACS · Electrical Resistivity 1.6×10⁻⁷ Ω·m6.3 µΩ·in
Chemical & Environmental
Corrosion and environmental resistance (0–100 scores).
Same in both: Galvanic Potential (seawater, vs SCE) -0.6 V · Corrosion Resistance 8 / 100
Manufacturability
FabDigit workshop ratings (0–100 scores) — how each material behaves on the machine.
Machinability
Machinability Rating (AISI 1212 = 100 %)
Weldability
Formability (cold)
Same in both: Brazeability / Solderability 55 / 100 · Polishability 35 / 100
Sustainability
Primary-production footprint per kilogram.
Same in both: Embodied Energy (primary production) 25 MJ/kg10,748 BTU/lb · Embodied Carbon (primary production) 1.9 kg CO₂/kg · Embodied Water 40 L/kg4.8 gal/lb · Typical Recycled Content 35%
Strength versus weight
Yield strength against density for every steel grade in the FabDigit library; the compared grades are highlighted. Up and left is stronger for its weight.
1213 CARB vs 1213-HR — frequently asked
Is 1213 CARB stronger than 1213-HR?
Yes. 1213 CARB has a typical yield strength of 400 MPa (58 ksi) against 235 MPa (34.1 ksi) for 1213-HR — about 70% more. Tensile strength is 560 MPa (81.2 ksi) vs 395 MPa (57.3 ksi).
Which condition does FabDigit quote by default, CARB or HR?
CD is the default 1213 condition in the FabDigit quote flow (neither CARB nor HR). The other condition is available on request or by drawing note — specify it in the material field or the part notes and the quote is priced for it.
Which is easier to machine, 1213 CARB or 1213-HR?
1213-HR. Its machinability rates excellent (85/100) against poor (20/100) for 1213 CARB; for welding the order is 1213-HR first (poor, 18/100) then 1213 CARB (not recommended, 5/100).
Ready to make it?
Upload a CAD file and FabDigit prices the part in 1213 CARB and 1213-HR side by side — material, machining time, tolerance and finish in one quote. Certified material data ships with the order on request.
Typical handbook values for the conditions named above, normalised for comparison. Hardness on non-Brinell scales is converted approximately for charting only. Request certified data with your order for design-critical properties.