Steel 1016-CD vs 1016-HR
Steel · 1016 temper comparison
1016-CD and 1016-HR are two conditions of the same steel grade, 1016: CD (cold drawn) versus HR (hot rolled). The chemistry is identical, so every difference below comes from the condition. 1016-CD is the stronger of the two: yield strength 427 MPa (61.9 ksi) against 262 MPa (38 ksi) for 1016-HR, about 63% more; tensile strength follows at 483 MPa (70.1 ksi) vs 421 MPa (61.1 ksi). In exchange, 1016-HR is the more ductile: elongation 25% versus 18% for 1016-CD, and 1016-CD is harder (143 HB vs 121 HB).
1016-CDChoose it when strength drives the design.
1016-HRChoose it when the part is bent, formed or impact-loaded.
1016-CD vs 1016-HR: propertiesHow to read these bars
- One bar per material. A full bar is the highest value among all steel grades in the FabDigit library; each bar is drawn as a share of that.
- The better value (by the usual engineering direction) is in bold. Rows with no direction — density, thermal conductivity — have no bold.
- Values are typical room-temperature figures for the condition named on each card.
- Confirm against the certified mill or resin datasheet before design release.
How to read these bars
- One bar per material. A full bar is the highest value among all steel grades in the FabDigit library; each bar is drawn as a share of that.
- The better value (by the usual engineering direction) is in bold. Rows with no direction — density, thermal conductivity — have no bold.
- Values are typical room-temperature figures for the condition named on each card.
- Confirm against the certified mill or resin datasheet before design release.
Mechanical
Strength, stiffness, ductility and hardness at room temperature.
Tensile Strength (Ultimate)
Yield Strength (0.2% offset)
Elongation at Break
Reduction in Area
Shear Strength
Fatigue Strength (Endurance Limit)
Charpy V-Notch Impact (RT)
Hardness, Brinell
Hardness, Rockwell B
Hardness, Vickers
Same in both: Elastic (Young's) Modulus 205 GPa29.7 Msi · Shear Modulus 80 GPa11.6 Msi · Bulk Modulus 160 GPa23.2 Msi · Poisson's Ratio 0.29 · Compressive Strength 427 MPa61.9 ksi · Fracture Toughness (K_IC) 130 MPa·√m118 ksi·√in
Physical
Density and transition temperatures.
Same in both: Density 7.87 g/cm³0.28 lb/in³ · Melting Point (Solidus) 1,425°C2,597 °F · Liquidus Temperature 1,520°C2,768 °F
Thermal
How each material carries heat and how hot it can run.
Same in both: Thermal Conductivity 51.9 W/m·K30 BTU/hr·ft·°F · Specific Heat Capacity 486 J/kg·K0.12 BTU/lb·°F · Thermal Expansion (CTE, 20–100 °C) 11.9 µm/m·K6.6 µin/in·°F · Latent Heat of Fusion 250 J/g107 BTU/lb · Max Service Temperature (continuous) 400°C752 °F · Min Service Temperature -20°C-4 °F
Electrical
Conductivity and insulation.
Same in both: Electrical Conductivity 10.8 % IACS · Electrical Resistivity 1.59×10⁻⁷ Ω·m6.26 µΩ·in
Chemical & Environmental
Corrosion and environmental resistance (0–100 scores).
Same in both: Galvanic Potential (seawater, vs SCE) -0.61 V · Corrosion Resistance 10 / 100
Manufacturability
FabDigit workshop ratings (0–100 scores) — how each material behaves on the machine.
Machinability
Machinability Rating (AISI 1212 = 100 %)
Weldability
Formability (cold)
Same in both: Brazeability / Solderability 80 / 100 · Polishability 45 / 100
Sustainability
Primary-production footprint per kilogram.
Same in both: Embodied Energy (primary production) 25 MJ/kg10,748 BTU/lb · Embodied Carbon (primary production) 1.9 kg CO₂/kg · Embodied Water 45 L/kg5.4 gal/lb · Typical Recycled Content 25%
Strength versus weight
Yield strength against density for every steel grade in the FabDigit library; the compared grades are highlighted. Up and left is stronger for its weight.
1016-CD vs 1016-HR — frequently asked
Is 1016-CD stronger than 1016-HR?
Yes. 1016-CD has a typical yield strength of 427 MPa (61.9 ksi) against 262 MPa (38 ksi) for 1016-HR — about 63% more. Tensile strength is 483 MPa (70.1 ksi) vs 421 MPa (61.1 ksi).
Which condition does FabDigit quote by default, CD or HR?
CD is the default 1016 condition in the FabDigit quote flow. The other condition is available on request or by drawing note — specify it in the material field or the part notes and the quote is priced for it.
Which is easier to machine, 1016-CD or 1016-HR?
1016-CD, by a small margin. Both rate good for machinability — 62/100 against 56/100 for 1016-HR.
Ready to make it?
Upload a CAD file and FabDigit prices the part in 1016-CD and 1016-HR side by side — material, machining time, tolerance and finish in one quote. Certified material data ships with the order on request.
Typical handbook values for the conditions named above, normalised for comparison. Hardness on non-Brinell scales is converted approximately for charting only. Request certified data with your order for design-critical properties.