Stainless Steel 420 Annealed vs 420 Hardened & Tempered
Stainless Steel · 420 temper comparison
420 Annealed and 420 Hardened & Tempered are two conditions of the same stainless steel grade, 420: Annealed versus Hardened & Tempered (quenched and tempered). The chemistry is identical, so every difference below comes from the condition. 420 Hardened & Tempered is the stronger of the two: yield strength 1,400 MPa (203 ksi) against 360 MPa (52.2 ksi) for 420 Annealed, about 3.9 times as much; tensile strength follows at 1,650 MPa (239 ksi) vs 690 MPa (100 ksi). In exchange, 420 Annealed is the more ductile: elongation 22% versus 8% for 420 Hardened & Tempered, and 420 Hardened & Tempered is harder (540 HV vs 210 HV). 420 Annealed runs hotter in service (650°C vs 400°C continuous). On the shop floor, 420 Annealed machines more easily (fair vs poor).
420 AnnealedChoose it when the part is bent, formed or impact-loaded, or when the part sees heat.
420 Hardened & TemperedChoose it when strength drives the design.
420 Annealed vs 420 Hardened & Tempered: propertiesHow to read these bars
- One bar per material. A full bar is the highest value among all stainless steel grades in the FabDigit library; each bar is drawn as a share of that.
- The better value (by the usual engineering direction) is in bold. Rows with no direction — density, thermal conductivity — have no bold.
- Values are typical room-temperature figures for the condition named on each card.
- Confirm against the certified mill or resin datasheet before design release.
How to read these bars
- One bar per material. A full bar is the highest value among all stainless steel grades in the FabDigit library; each bar is drawn as a share of that.
- The better value (by the usual engineering direction) is in bold. Rows with no direction — density, thermal conductivity — have no bold.
- Values are typical room-temperature figures for the condition named on each card.
- Confirm against the certified mill or resin datasheet before design release.
420 Annealed420 Hardened & Tempered
Mechanical
Strength, stiffness, ductility and hardness at room temperature.
Tensile Strength (Ultimate)
Yield Strength (0.2% offset)
Elongation at Break
Reduction in Area
Compressive Strength
Shear Strength
Fatigue Strength (Endurance Limit)
Fracture Toughness (K_IC)
Charpy V-Notch Impact (RT)
Hardness, Vickers
Same in both: Elastic (Young's) Modulus 200 GPa29 Msi · Shear Modulus 78 GPa11.3 Msi · Bulk Modulus 160 GPa23.2 Msi · Poisson's Ratio 0.29 · Hardness, Brinell 200 HB · Hardness, Rockwell B 93 HRB
Physical
Density and transition temperatures.
Same in both: Density 7.75 g/cm³0.28 lb/in³ · Melting Point (Solidus) 1,454°C2,649 °F · Liquidus Temperature 1,510°C2,750 °F
Thermal
How each material carries heat and how hot it can run.
Max Service Temperature (continuous)
Same in both: Thermal Conductivity 24.9 W/m·K14.4 BTU/hr·ft·°F · Specific Heat Capacity 460 J/kg·K0.11 BTU/lb·°F · Thermal Expansion (CTE, 20–100 °C) 10.3 µm/m·K5.7 µin/in·°F · Latent Heat of Fusion 260 J/g112 BTU/lb · Min Service Temperature -30°C-22 °F
Electrical
Conductivity and insulation.
Same in both: Electrical Conductivity 3.1 % IACS · Electrical Resistivity 5.5×10⁻⁷ Ω·m21.7 µΩ·in
Chemical & Environmental
Corrosion and environmental resistance (0–100 scores).
Corrosion Resistance
Same in both: Galvanic Potential (seawater, vs SCE) -0.3 V
Manufacturability
FabDigit workshop ratings (0–100 scores) — how each material behaves on the machine.
Machinability
Machinability Rating (AISI 1212 = 100 %)
Formability (cold)
Polishability
Same in both: Weldability 25 / 100 · Castability 45 / 100 · Brazeability / Solderability 40 / 100
Sustainability
Primary-production footprint per kilogram.
Same in both: Embodied Energy (primary production) 55 MJ/kg23,646 BTU/lb · Embodied Carbon (primary production) 3.5 kg CO₂/kg · Embodied Water 250 L/kg30 gal/lb · Typical Recycled Content 45%
Strength versus weight
Yield strength against density for every stainless steel grade in the FabDigit library; the compared grades are highlighted. Up and left is stronger for its weight.
420 Annealed vs 420 Hardened & Tempered — frequently asked
Is 420 Hardened & Tempered stronger than 420 Annealed?
Yes. 420 Hardened & Tempered has a typical yield strength of 1,400 MPa (203 ksi) against 360 MPa (52.2 ksi) for 420 Annealed — about 3.9 times as much. Tensile strength is 1,650 MPa (239 ksi) vs 690 MPa (100 ksi).
Which condition does FabDigit quote by default, Annealed or Hardened & Tempered?
Annealed is the default 420 condition in the FabDigit quote flow. The other condition is available on request or by drawing note — specify it in the material field or the part notes and the quote is priced for it.
Which is easier to machine, 420 Annealed or 420 Hardened & Tempered?
420 Annealed. Its machinability rates fair (45/100) against poor (20/100) for 420 Hardened & Tempered.
Ready to make it?
Upload a CAD file and FabDigit prices the part in 420 Annealed and 420 Hardened & Tempered side by side — material, machining time, tolerance and finish in one quote. Certified material data ships with the order on request.
Typical handbook values for the conditions named above, normalised for comparison. Hardness on non-Brinell scales is converted approximately for charting only. Request certified data with your order for design-critical properties.