Stainless Steel 312-CD vs 312 HF-SA
Stainless Steel · 312 temper comparison
312-CD and 312 HF-SA are two conditions of the same stainless steel grade, 312: CD (cold drawn) versus HF-SA (hot Finished / Forged + Solution Annealed Bar & Forgings). The chemistry is identical, so every difference below comes from the condition. 312-CD is the stronger of the two: yield strength 720 MPa (104 ksi) against 540 MPa (78.3 ksi) for 312 HF-SA, about 33% more; tensile strength follows at 880 MPa (128 ksi) vs 760 MPa (110 ksi). In exchange, 312 HF-SA is the more ductile: elongation 28% versus 20% for 312-CD, and 312-CD is harder (290 HB vs 255 HB).
312-CDChoose it when strength drives the design.
312 HF-SAChoose it when the part is bent, formed or impact-loaded.
312-CD vs 312 HF-SA: propertiesHow to read these bars
- One bar per material. A full bar is the highest value among all stainless steel grades in the FabDigit library; each bar is drawn as a share of that.
- The better value (by the usual engineering direction) is in bold. Rows with no direction — density, thermal conductivity — have no bold.
- Values are typical room-temperature figures for the condition named on each card.
- Confirm against the certified mill or resin datasheet before design release.
How to read these bars
- One bar per material. A full bar is the highest value among all stainless steel grades in the FabDigit library; each bar is drawn as a share of that.
- The better value (by the usual engineering direction) is in bold. Rows with no direction — density, thermal conductivity — have no bold.
- Values are typical room-temperature figures for the condition named on each card.
- Confirm against the certified mill or resin datasheet before design release.
Mechanical
Strength, stiffness, ductility and hardness at room temperature.
Tensile Strength (Ultimate)
Yield Strength (0.2% offset)
Elongation at Break
Reduction in Area
Compressive Strength
Shear Strength
Fatigue Strength (Endurance Limit)
Fracture Toughness (K_IC)
Charpy V-Notch Impact (RT)
Hardness, Brinell
Hardness, Rockwell B
Hardness, Rockwell C
Hardness, Vickers
Same in both: Elastic (Young's) Modulus 200 GPa29 Msi · Shear Modulus 77 GPa11.2 Msi · Bulk Modulus 160 GPa23.2 Msi · Poisson's Ratio 0.3
Physical
Density and transition temperatures.
Same in both: Density 7.8 g/cm³0.28 lb/in³ · Melting Point (Solidus) 1,385°C2,525 °F · Liquidus Temperature 1,445°C2,633 °F
Thermal
How each material carries heat and how hot it can run.
Same in both: Thermal Conductivity 15 W/m·K8.7 BTU/hr·ft·°F · Specific Heat Capacity 480 J/kg·K0.11 BTU/lb·°F · Thermal Expansion (CTE, 20–100 °C) 13 µm/m·K7.2 µin/in·°F · Latent Heat of Fusion 270 J/g116 BTU/lb · Max Service Temperature (continuous) 280°C536 °F · Min Service Temperature -50°C-58 °F
Electrical
Conductivity and insulation.
Same in both: Electrical Conductivity 2.2 % IACS · Electrical Resistivity 8×10⁻⁷ Ω·m31.5 µΩ·in
Chemical & Environmental
Corrosion and environmental resistance (0–100 scores).
Corrosion Resistance
Same in both: Galvanic Potential (seawater, vs SCE) -0.15 V
Manufacturability
FabDigit workshop ratings (0–100 scores) — how each material behaves on the machine.
Machinability
Machinability Rating (AISI 1212 = 100 %)
Weldability
Formability (cold)
Same in both: Brazeability / Solderability 40 / 100 · Polishability 70 / 100
Sustainability
Primary-production footprint per kilogram.
Same in both: Embodied Energy (primary production) 55 MJ/kg23,646 BTU/lb · Embodied Carbon (primary production) 4.6 kg CO₂/kg · Embodied Water 130 L/kg15.6 gal/lb · Typical Recycled Content 60%
Strength versus weight
Yield strength against density for every stainless steel grade in the FabDigit library; the compared grades are highlighted. Up and left is stronger for its weight.
312-CD vs 312 HF-SA — frequently asked
Is 312-CD stronger than 312 HF-SA?
Yes. 312-CD has a typical yield strength of 720 MPa (104 ksi) against 540 MPa (78.3 ksi) for 312 HF-SA — about 33% more. Tensile strength is 880 MPa (128 ksi) vs 760 MPa (110 ksi).
Which condition does FabDigit quote by default, CD or HF-SA?
SA is the default 312 condition in the FabDigit quote flow (neither CD nor HF-SA). The other condition is available on request or by drawing note — specify it in the material field or the part notes and the quote is priced for it.
Which welds better, 312-CD or 312 HF-SA?
312 HF-SA. Its weldability rates very good (70/100) against good (65/100) for 312-CD.
Ready to make it?
Upload a CAD file and FabDigit prices the part in 312-CD and 312 HF-SA side by side — material, machining time, tolerance and finish in one quote. Certified material data ships with the order on request.
Typical handbook values for the conditions named above, normalised for comparison. Hardness on non-Brinell scales is converted approximately for charting only. Request certified data with your order for design-critical properties.