Nickel Alloy Alloy 31 Annealed vs Alloy 31 ColdWorked
Nickel Alloy · Alloy 31 temper comparison
Alloy 31 Annealed and Alloy 31 ColdWorked are two conditions of the same nickel alloy grade, Alloy 31: Annealed versus ColdWorked (cold Worked / Strain Hardened). The chemistry is identical, so every difference below comes from the condition. Alloy 31 ColdWorked is the stronger of the two: yield strength 700 MPa (102 ksi) against 340 MPa (49.3 ksi) for Alloy 31 Annealed, about 106% more; tensile strength follows at 900 MPa (131 ksi) vs 700 MPa (102 ksi). In exchange, Alloy 31 Annealed is the more ductile: elongation 50% versus 22% for Alloy 31 ColdWorked, and Alloy 31 ColdWorked is harder (270 HB vs 180 HB). Alloy 31 Annealed runs hotter in service (400°C vs 300°C continuous).
Alloy 31 AnnealedChoose it when the part is bent, formed or impact-loaded, or when the part sees heat.
Alloy 31 ColdWorkedChoose it when strength drives the design.
Alloy 31 Annealed vs Alloy 31 ColdWorked: propertiesHow to read these bars
- One bar per material. A full bar is the highest value among all nickel alloy grades in the FabDigit library; each bar is drawn as a share of that.
- The better value (by the usual engineering direction) is in bold. Rows with no direction — density, thermal conductivity — have no bold.
- Values are typical room-temperature figures for the condition named on each card.
- Confirm against the certified mill or resin datasheet before design release.
How to read these bars
- One bar per material. A full bar is the highest value among all nickel alloy grades in the FabDigit library; each bar is drawn as a share of that.
- The better value (by the usual engineering direction) is in bold. Rows with no direction — density, thermal conductivity — have no bold.
- Values are typical room-temperature figures for the condition named on each card.
- Confirm against the certified mill or resin datasheet before design release.
Alloy 31 AnnealedAlloy 31 ColdWorked
Mechanical
Strength, stiffness, ductility and hardness at room temperature.
Tensile Strength (Ultimate)
Yield Strength (0.2% offset)
Elongation at Break
Reduction in Area
Shear Strength
Fatigue Strength (Endurance Limit)
Charpy V-Notch Impact (RT)
Hardness, Brinell
Hardness, Vickers
Same in both: Elastic (Young's) Modulus 195 GPa28.3 Msi · Shear Modulus 75 GPa10.9 Msi · Bulk Modulus 163 GPa23.6 Msi · Poisson's Ratio 0.3 · Hardness, Rockwell B 88 HRB
Physical
Density and transition temperatures.
Same in both: Density 8.02 g/cm³0.29 lb/in³ · Melting Point (Solidus) 1,320°C2,408 °F · Liquidus Temperature 1,360°C2,480 °F
Thermal
How each material carries heat and how hot it can run.
Max Service Temperature (continuous)
Same in both: Thermal Conductivity 11 W/m·K6.4 BTU/hr·ft·°F · Specific Heat Capacity 450 J/kg·K0.11 BTU/lb·°F · Thermal Expansion (CTE, 20–100 °C) 14.5 µm/m·K8.1 µin/in·°F · Latent Heat of Fusion 285 J/g123 BTU/lb · Min Service Temperature -196°C-321 °F
Electrical
Conductivity and insulation.
Electrical Resistivity
Same in both: Electrical Conductivity 1.7 % IACS
Chemical & Environmental
Corrosion and environmental resistance (0–100 scores).
Corrosion Resistance
Same in both: Galvanic Potential (seawater, vs SCE) -0.05 V
Manufacturability
FabDigit workshop ratings (0–100 scores) — how each material behaves on the machine.
Machinability
Machinability Rating (AISI 1212 = 100 %)
Weldability
Formability (cold)
Same in both: Castability 35 / 100 · Brazeability / Solderability 45 / 100 · Polishability 78 / 100
Sustainability
Primary-production footprint per kilogram.
Same in both: Embodied Energy (primary production) 95 MJ/kg40,843 BTU/lb · Embodied Carbon (primary production) 7.5 kg CO₂/kg · Embodied Water 300 L/kg35.9 gal/lb · Typical Recycled Content 35%
Strength versus weight
Yield strength against density for every nickel alloy grade in the FabDigit library; the compared grades are highlighted. Up and left is stronger for its weight.
Alloy 31 Annealed vs Alloy 31 ColdWorked — frequently asked
Is Alloy 31 ColdWorked stronger than Alloy 31 Annealed?
Yes. Alloy 31 ColdWorked has a typical yield strength of 700 MPa (102 ksi) against 340 MPa (49.3 ksi) for Alloy 31 Annealed — about 106% more. Tensile strength is 900 MPa (131 ksi) vs 700 MPa (102 ksi).
Which condition does FabDigit quote by default, Annealed or ColdWorked?
Annealed is the default Alloy 31 condition in the FabDigit quote flow. The other condition is available on request or by drawing note — specify it in the material field or the part notes and the quote is priced for it.
Which welds better, Alloy 31 Annealed or Alloy 31 ColdWorked?
Alloy 31 Annealed. Its weldability rates very good (72/100) against good (65/100) for Alloy 31 ColdWorked.
Ready to make it?
Upload a CAD file and FabDigit prices the part in Alloy 31 Annealed and Alloy 31 ColdWorked side by side — material, machining time, tolerance and finish in one quote. Certified material data ships with the order on request.
Typical handbook values for the conditions named above, normalised for comparison. Hardness on non-Brinell scales is converted approximately for charting only. Request certified data with your order for design-critical properties.